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// This file is part of www.nand2tetris.org
// and the book "The Elements of Computing Systems"
// by Nisan and Schocken, MIT Press.
// File name: projects/5/Memory.hdl
/**
* The complete address space of the Hack computer's memory,
* including RAM and memory-mapped I/O.
* The chip facilitates read and write operations, as follows:
* Read: out(t) = Memory[address(t)](t)
* Write: if load(t-1) then Memory[address(t-1)](t) = in(t-1)
* In words: the chip always outputs the value stored at the memory
* location specified by address. If load=1, the in value is loaded
* into the memory location specified by address. This value becomes
* available through the out output from the next time step onward.
* Address space rules:
* Only the upper 16K+8K+1 words of the Memory chip are used.
* Access to address>0x6000 is invalid and reads 0. Access to any address
* in the range 0x4000-0x5FFF results in accessing the screen memory
* map. Access to address 0x6000 results in accessing the keyboard
* memory map. The behavior in these addresses is described in the Screen
* and Keyboard chip specifications given in the lectures and the book.
*/
// * 4-way 16-bit multiplexor:
// * out = a if sel = 00
// * b if sel = 01
// * c if sel = 10
// * d if sel = 11
// 0 - 16383 - Ram 16K
// 16384 - 24575 Screen 8K
// 24576 - 24576 Keyboard (1 word)
// 16383 = 0(01)1111111111111 Ram 16k
// 16384 = 0(10)0000000000000 Screen 8k
// 24576 = 0(11)0000000000000 Keyboard
CHIP Memory {
IN in[16], load, address[15];
OUT out[16];
PARTS:
// Ram16K
Mux(a=load, b=false, sel=address[14], out=loadRam);
Mux(a=true, b=false, sel=address[14], out=isRam);
// Screen
Mux(a=false, b=load, sel=address[14], out=loadScreen);
Mux(a=false, b=true, sel=address[14], out=isScreen);
// Keyboard
Mux(a=false, b=true , sel=address[13], out=keyboard1);
Mux(a=false, b=true, sel=address[14], out=keyboard2);
// isKeyboard
And(a=keyboard1, b=keyboard2, out=isKeyboard);
// Logic
RAM16K(in=in, load=loadRam, address=address[0..13] , out=outRam);
Screen(in=in , load=loadScreen, address=address[0..12], out=outScreen);
Keyboard(out=keyboardOut);
// Output logic
Mux4Way16(a=outRam, b=outRam, c=outScreen, d=keyboardOut , sel=address[13..14] , out=out);
}